Individual Paper
1. Uneven Geographies, Ecologies, Technologies and Human Futures
This paper examines Rohingya refugee issues in the Nepal in the backdrop of migration as evolutionary approach of human development and societies. Employing quantitative and qualitative data and information, the paper employs descriptive statistics and qualitative narration. As a result, the refugee are visible as dynamic issues having socioeconomic and political nexus. These issues are not significant but continuous to be significance. The paper finds these issues as the result of exogenous factors. The Rohingyas refugee is due to the human right violation and political crisis in Myanmar and promoted by geo-political openness, system failure and socioeconomic homogeneity. Finally, the paper identifies the positive trend of the refugee since 2017. In the positive trend, almost refugees are voluntarily but significant refugees are smuggled. Interesting major driver is the existence of Masjid in Nepal for livelihood and security. Almost refugees are registered but involve in the different activities such as political activity, human trafficking, begging activities of children and female, informal activities of male, using motorcycle and criminal cases. However, the government of Nepal is silence and dilemma on the issue of repatriation of the Rohingyas from 2012 to 2022. This paper is expected to contribute challenges of refugee in the host country as well as their livelihood and development as human right
Raghu B. Bista
Tribhuvan University, Nepal