3 - Jeneberang River and Tallo River: The Transformation from Agrarian to Maritime Spatial Dynamics in the City of Makassar

The Kingdom of Gowa, headquartered in Makassar, has gained prominence as a Maritime Kingdom. However, it is noteworthy that the maritime features emblematic of the Gowa Kingdom crystallized during the 17th century. This pivotal transformation is demarcated by the transfer of the Gowa Kingdom's administrative nucleus from the inland domain of Tamalate to the coastal precinct of Makassar, precisely situated at the confluence of the Jeneberang and Tallo Rivers. These two waterways serve as emblematic insignias, signifying the evolutionary shift from an agrarian to a maritime socio-political landscape within the Gowa Kingdom. In the interstitial expanse delineated by the Jeneberang and Tallo Rivers, a vibrant nucleus burgeoned, constituting the epicenter of governance and mercantile activities for the Gowa Kingdom. This geographical region bore witness to the rapid ascendance of cosmopolitan settlements, harboring a medley of ethnically diverse populations, congregating at the confluences of the Jeneberang and Tallo Rivers. In light of these considerations, this academic investigation aspires to scrutinize the transformative spatial evolution, spanning from the pre-colonial era to the era of national independence in Makassar, with particular emphasis on the pivotal role played by the Jeneberang and Tallo Rivers in orchestrating this paradigmatic spatial reorientation.