Indies and Ecological Change at Up-Town Semarang, Early XX Century

The birth of Indies culture in Surakarta in the early 20th century has spread to other cities in Java, indicating the infiltration of Javanese culture into modern European life, and Semarang is no exception. The most obvious means of showing the distinctiveness of Indies culture, and this includes the art of residential buildings. Living area and ethnic background are also elements that influence the architectural styles born in elite residential areas in Semarang. Over time, the shift in ownership of assets in the New Temple settlement of Semarang until the mid-20th century caused various problems related to ownership and inappropriate land functions. At the beginning of independence, the Indies phenomenon shifted to the dominant role of the military, where the lack of government supervision and regulation, as well as the high demand for housing in the city at the beginning of independence, led to many ecological changes that occurred in Candi Baru Semarang. This paper aims to find out how the long process of canonization of Indies culture and ecological changes in Candi Baru Semarang from 1906 to 1968. The method used is the historical research method which consists of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The result of this paper is that the function of the building in Candi Baru will change following the occupant or owner of the building. Meanwhile, ecological changes that occurred at the beginning of independence were caused by excessive land use and the absence of legal certainty regarding asset ownership, especially land.