Late Breaking - Individual Paper
4. Seeing from the Neighbourhood: States, Communities and Human Mobility
The unprecedented effects of the climate crisis pose a significant challenge to governments and local communities across Asia. Climate enclaves – enclosed environments with a common strategic and material attribute – represent an understudied example of eco-climate approaches. How have climate enclaves been ‘imagined’, and by whom? What political contexts govern their development? What social and material responses do these enclaves engender? This paper will contribute to understanding climate enclaves as an emerging mode of climate governance in Asia. "Climate enclaves" is part of a global debate on ecological urbanism and urban enclavisation. As a newly imagined space for living and localised response to climate emergencies, climate enclaves are understood to give rise to new territorial logics and identities that diverge in social and material terms. Most concerning is the question of how the process of enclavisation contributes to new inequalities, e.g., social segregation and fragmentation. These enclaves are part of the state's socio-spatial imaginary and massive territorial mobilisation in Indonesia. This paper seeks to provide renewed critique and empirical evidence on ‘situated’ climate enclaves within the understudied context of Indonesia, which is one of the most vulnerable regions in Asia-Pacific affected by the climate crisis coupled with widening inequality and weakening democracy. It provides key insights to examine how climate enclaves’ governance is accomplished in Southeast Asia – how it is performed, rather than pre-emptively accepted as a policy imperative, also as a critical examination of the role of the state in imagining society and neighbourhood, so-called kampung.
Erwin Nugraha
Durham University, United Kingdom